This lecture examines the contemporary language situation in Bulgaria.  The considered typological criteria are quantitative, qualitative, including ethnolinguistic diversity, the communicative power of languages, the functional equality or inequality of languages, and their constitutional and legal regulation. It also explores the current state of the Bulgarian language and the relationship between the standard language, mesolects, and dialects. Particular attention is paid to the most characteristic non-standard variants used in present-day Bulgarian communication. The lecture further presents and discusses findings from two nationally representative surveys.